
Comments closed October 16 · decided
Stop the 94-acre Locke Park land swap with a private camp
U.S. Forest Service · Pike-San Isabel National Forests & Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands, San Carlos Ranger District
- What
- The Forest Service plans to transfer 94.3 acres of national forest to a private camp for 120 acres, relying on a conservation easement the EA itself says may be granted after closing, outside the exchange.
- Where
- Pike-San Isabel National Forests & Cimarron and Comanche National Grasslands, San Carlos Ranger District, CO
- How much
- reduced from 100.73 to 94.3 acres federal parcel size cut to equalize value; approximately 120 acres non-Federal parcel acquired in exchange; 13.3 acres canada lynx habitat lost on Federal parcel
- Decided
- Comments closed October 16, 2026. The decision is on file: Locke Park Final EA. Open it ↗Date from Forest Service legal notice in The Pueblo Chieftain ↗, read September 26, 2026.
Where these four lines come from
- WhatOur plain-English read of the Forest Service project page ↗. Check it against the agency’s own words under Case.
- WhereThe places and states the project page names, as PLAN read them.
- reduced from 100.73 to 94.3 acres“The Federal parcel was reduced by 6.43 acres resulting in a revised Federal parcel size of 94.3 acres.” EQUALIZATION OF VALUE Open the document ↗
- approximately 120 acres“exchange a Federal parcel (approximately 94.3 acres) for a non-Federal parcel (approximately 120 acres)” Introduction Open the document ↗
- 13.3 acres“The NFS will lose approximately 13.3 acres of mapped suitable Canada lynx habitat in the Federal parcel.” Short-and long-term effects. Open the document ↗
- DecidedOctober 16, 2026, from Forest Service legal notice in The Pueblo Chieftain, published September 1, 2026, plus 45 days under 36 CFR 218.6 ↗. Read September 26, 2026. The decision document is the one on file in PLAN’s record.
- Read from PLAN’s record November 9, 2026.
What the proposal said, and what the decision did
Wetlands transferred to private ownership
Short-and long-term effects. ↗ and Effects of the Proposed Action Alternative ↗
Proposed
up to 2.5 acresDecided
up to 2.5 acresCreek buffer placed in Management Area 9A
Non-Federal Parcel (EA page 12) ↗ and Anticipated Future Uses of the Non-Federal Parcel ↗
Proposed
100 feetDecided
100 feet
Unreviewed · Source: Decision document, Locke Park Final EA ↗
Did the agency answer?
PLAN found 10 issues in the agency’s analysis.
Each issue against the decision, unreviewed
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe TRIBAL ENGAGEMENT AND CONSULTATION section states that tribal consultation is ongoing and that the Forest Service will remain available to respond to consultation requests, meaning consultation with the 25 tribes notified was not complete when this decision document was drafted, with only two tribal responses on record.
The TRIBAL ENGAGEMENT AND CONSULTATION section states that tribal consultation is ongoing and that the Forest Service will remain available to respond to consultation requests, meaning consultation with the 25 tribes notified was not complete when this decision document was drafted, with only two tribal responses on record.
The Forest Service should complete government-to-government consultation and disclose any issues tribes raise before issuing a final decision rather than proceeding while consultation remains open.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“Tribal consultation was completed (EA Agencies and Persons Consulted) and the Forest Service attempted to notify the descendants of the Cotopaxi Jewish Colony; however, no responses were received.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Appendix E – Consideration of Comments for the Locke Park Land Exchange Project · PLAN’s match, unchecked, an answer in part
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe Short-and long-term effects section states the NFS will lose approximately 13.3 acres of mapped suitable Canada lynx habitat on the Federal parcel, then simply asserts this loss will be negligible in the context of the larger San Isabel National Forest without giving the total lynx habitat acreage on the forest needed to check that comparison.
The Short-and long-term effects section states the NFS will lose approximately 13.3 acres of mapped suitable Canada lynx habitat on the Federal parcel, then simply asserts this loss will be negligible in the context of the larger San Isabel National Forest without giving the total lynx habitat acreage on the forest needed to check that comparison.
A conclusory negligible-impact label without the underlying baseline numbers is not a reasoned analysis the public can verify. The Forest Service should disclose the total suitable lynx habitat acreage on the forest and show the calculation behind the negligible-impact determination.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“The Federal and non-Federal parcels do not have dense conifer-hardwood habitat preferred by Canada lynx and this species is not known to occur in the Federal parcel; therefore, it was determined that the proposed action may affect, but is not likely to adversely affect, the Canada lynx.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Appendix E – Consideration of Comments for the Locke Park Land Exchange Project · PLAN’s match, unchecked, an answer in part
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personUnder National Historic Preservation Act - Section 106, SHPO has already determined that the RTLC structure on the Federal parcel is eligible for listing on the National Register and that mitigation measures are needed to resolve adverse effects, but the memorandum of agreement spelling out those measures had not been signed when this document was drafted.
Under National Historic Preservation Act - Section 106, SHPO has already determined that the RTLC structure on the Federal parcel is eligible for listing on the National Register and that mitigation measures are needed to resolve adverse effects, but the memorandum of agreement spelling out those measures had not been signed when this document was drafted.
A legally required mitigation agreement is being deferred to after the decision is written up rather than informing it. The Forest Service should complete and disclose the signed MOA and its specific mitigation terms before finalizing the decision.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“Section 106 consultation is underway and will be completed before issuance of the Final Decision Notice.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Appendix E – Consideration of Comments for the Locke Park Land Exchange Project · PLAN’s match, unchecked
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe entire no-significant-impact finding leans on the conservation easement protecting the Federal parcel's wetlands, forested setting and development limits, but the EQUALIZATION OF VALUE section admits the CE grant to Palmer Land Conservancy happens in a transaction that is either after the exchange closes or entirely outside of it, not concurrent with closing as the Introduction and Decision sections claim.
The entire no-significant-impact finding leans on the conservation easement protecting the Federal parcel's wetlands, forested setting and development limits, but the EQUALIZATION OF VALUE section admits the CE grant to Palmer Land Conservancy happens in a transaction that is either after the exchange closes or entirely outside of it, not concurrent with closing as the Introduction and Decision sections claim.
If the CE is not a binding condition of the exchange itself, the mitigation the FONSI depends on could be delayed or never finalized. The Forest Service should make the conservation easement a legally binding condition precedent to closing and disclose what protects the parcel's resource values if the CE is never executed.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“A CE will be placed on the Federal parcel concurrent with the closing of the land exchange and held by the Palmer Land Conservancy to ensure that the property's conservation values are protected and that no development occurs outside the Camp Facilities Zone”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Forest Service Conditions of the Land Exchange · PLAN’s match, unchecked, an answer in part
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe EA states the United States will dispose of up to 2.5 acres of wetlands and 25 acres of regulatory floodplain on the Federal parcel by transferring them to private ownership, yet the same discussion concludes no short- or long-term impacts on wetlands and floodplains are anticipated.
The EA states the United States will dispose of up to 2.5 acres of wetlands and 25 acres of regulatory floodplain on the Federal parcel by transferring them to private ownership, yet the same discussion concludes no short- or long-term impacts on wetlands and floodplains are anticipated.
Removing federally managed wetlands and floodplain acreage from public ownership is itself a change in protective status that deserves analysis rather than a blanket no-impact conclusion. The Forest Service should explain how disposing of federal wetlands and floodplain acreage produces zero impact or revise the finding.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“The land exchange would comply with Executive Order 11988 and Forest Service policy because the floodplain to be disposed of is protected by other laws and regulations under Custer County's land use regulations, articulated in the county's July 31, 2018, Zoning Resolution.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Effects of the Proposed Action Alternative · PLAN’s match, unchecked
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe Beneficial and adverse effects discussion acknowledges short-term noise impacts during construction and long-term impacts from increased traffic tied to camp expansion, but the Effects on public health and safety section then concludes no effects on public health and safety are anticipated at all.
The Beneficial and adverse effects discussion acknowledges short-term noise impacts during construction and long-term impacts from increased traffic tied to camp expansion, but the Effects on public health and safety section then concludes no effects on public health and safety are anticipated at all.
Both statements cannot be reconciled as written. The Forest Service should explain why acknowledged construction noise and increased traffic do not count as public health and safety effects, or revise the conclusion.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“The proposed land exchange would not contribute to more noise impacts than are currently occurring. Potential noise impacts may occur in the future if improvements are made on the Federal parcel by RTLC. Short-term impacts would result during construction activities. Long-term impacts may result from increased traffic.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Table 1. Resource issues considered for analysis. · PLAN’s match, unchecked, an answer in part
PLAN found no answer, not yet checked by a personThe EQUALIZATION OF VALUE section states the initial appraisal derived a market value conclusion for the Federal parcel's fee simple interest as though vacant, meaning unencumbered, yet the parcel will be conveyed to RTLC encumbered by a perpetual conservation easement restricting future development.
The EQUALIZATION OF VALUE section states the initial appraisal derived a market value conclusion for the Federal parcel's fee simple interest as though vacant, meaning unencumbered, yet the parcel will be conveyed to RTLC encumbered by a perpetual conservation easement restricting future development.
The same section admits the final appraised values were not subject to the CE at all. An unencumbered appraisal does not capture the actual value of what the exchange conveys, calling into question whether the exchange is truly equal in value as required. The Forest Service should obtain and disclose an appraisal reflecting the CE-encumbered value of the Federal parcel.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe Clean Water Act section states that water use and development of the non-Federal parcel is anticipated to be unchanged, but the document never analyzes anticipated water use changes on the Federal parcel, where RTLC plans facility improvements, a new road segment, and expanded overnight and cookout areas served by a well located approximately 400 feet from Lake Creek.
The Clean Water Act section states that water use and development of the non-Federal parcel is anticipated to be unchanged, but the document never analyzes anticipated water use changes on the Federal parcel, where RTLC plans facility improvements, a new road segment, and expanded overnight and cookout areas served by a well located approximately 400 feet from Lake Creek.
Camp expansion is the very change the exchange is designed to enable, yet its water demand on Lake Creek goes unanalyzed. The Forest Service should analyze anticipated water use increases from Federal parcel camp expansion and any effects on Lake Creek.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“Historically, activities at the camp have not negatively impacted this flow right, nor is it anticipated that any future activities would impact this flow following the land exchange.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Water Rights · PLAN’s match, unchecked, an answer in part
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe Selected Alternative (Proposed Action) section states the mineral estate underlying the non-Federal parcel will become Reserved Public Domain and the land will be open to mineral entry, pairing two mineral-status descriptions without explaining how both apply to the same acreage at once.
The Selected Alternative (Proposed Action) section states the mineral estate underlying the non-Federal parcel will become Reserved Public Domain and the land will be open to mineral entry, pairing two mineral-status descriptions without explaining how both apply to the same acreage at once.
The document does not clarify what mineral development could actually occur on newly acquired land billed elsewhere as protected open space and wildlife habitat. The Forest Service should clarify the actual mineral entry status of the 120-acre parcel and disclose what mineral development it could allow.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“The statement in the EA regarding reserved public domain reflects the status of the non-Federal parcel after acquisition by the United States, at which point the parcel would be subject to applicable federal mineral laws unless otherwise withdrawn.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Appendix E – Consideration of Comments for the Locke Park Land Exchange Project · PLAN’s match, unchecked
PLAN’s match, not yet checked by a personThe Alternatives Considered but Not Analyzed in Detail section states that no feasible alternatives consistent with the project's purpose and need were identified during planning, without listing what specific alternatives were considered or the specific reasons each one failed to meet the purpose and need beyond generic categories.
The Alternatives Considered but Not Analyzed in Detail section states that no feasible alternatives consistent with the project's purpose and need were identified during planning, without listing what specific alternatives were considered or the specific reasons each one failed to meet the purpose and need beyond generic categories.
Without that detail the public cannot evaluate whether a genuine range of alternatives was considered. The Forest Service should disclose the specific alternatives considered during planning and the specific reasons each was eliminated from detailed analysis.
A hole PLAN found in the agency’s own analysis
“An alternative with additional parcel acreage reductions of the Federal parcel was also suggested by a commenter during the scoping period. This alternative would have removed approximately 22.5 acres in the eastern portion of the parcel and adjusted the northern portion of the western boundary to remove approximately 4 acres.”
The agency’s own words, Locke Park Final EA ↗, Modification of the Proposed Action · PLAN’s match, unchecked
Protective action worth supporting
The Forest Service plans to transfer 94.3 acres of national forest to a private camp for 120 acres, relying on a conservation easement the EA itself says may be granted after closing, outside the exchange.
What’s at risk
If we stay silent
Our plain-English read of the official notice ↗. Check it against the agency’s own words below.
By the numbers, from the agency’s own document
- Federal parcel size cut to equalize value
EQUALIZATION OF VALUE
Open the document ↗“The Federal parcel was reduced by 6.43 acres resulting in a revised Federal parcel size of 94.3 acres.”
- Non-Federal parcel acquired in exchange
Introduction
Open the document ↗“exchange a Federal parcel (approximately 94.3 acres) for a non-Federal parcel (approximately 120 acres)”
- Canada lynx habitat lost on Federal parcel
Short-and long-term effects.
Open the document ↗“The NFS will lose approximately 13.3 acres of mapped suitable Canada lynx habitat in the Federal parcel.”
- Wetlands and floodplain disposed to private ownership
Short-and long-term effects.
Open the document ↗“will dispose of up to 2.5 acres of wetlands and 25 acres of regulatory floodplain on the Federal parcel”
- Camp Facilities Zone allowed for future development
Short-and long-term effects.
Open the document ↗“Anticipated future development within the 22.19-acre Camp Facilities Zone of the Federal parcel”
Source: the agency’s document ↗
The agency’s case, tested
What the agency argues, and whether its own record backs it
- 1
- Holds up
- 4
- Not fully backed
- 1
- Contradicted by its own record
The Forest Service wants to trade about 94.3 acres of national forest land, used by the Rainbow Trail Lutheran Camp, for a 120-acre private inholding at Locke Park. It says the trade consolidates federal ownership, cuts permit and boundary workload, and protects the inholding's wetlands, cultural sites and wildlife habitat.
“The purpose and need for the Proposed Action is for the Forest Service to acquire non-Federal lands that are of high resource value and serve public objectives.”
Purpose and Need
EffectsContradicted by its own recordThe exchange won't cause any short- or long-term impacts on cultural resources on either parcel.
The agency relies on a 2023 cultural survey, a 2025 revision and a May 2026 memorandum with testing results, and it commits to a memorandum of agreement setting mitigation before the final decision. But the National Historic Preservation Act section says the State Historic Preservation Officer found the camp eligible for the National Register of Historic Places and that mitigation is needed to resolve adverse effects. That can't be squared with the flat statement that no cultural resource impacts are anticipated.
The agency’s words, the record and the law +Hide the words
The agency says
“No short- or long-term impacts on cultural resources are anticipated on the Federal and non-Federal parcels due to the Proposed Action.”
Degree of Effect
Elsewhere in the same document
“SHPO determined that the RTLC (5CR.878) was eligible for listing on the NRHP and mitigation measures are needed to resolve adverse effects.”
National Historic Preservation Act, Section 106
“The Forest Service will enter into a memorandum of agreement (MOA) with SHPO and other consulting parties to determine appropriate mitigation measures.”
National Historic Preservation Act, Section 106
The law
“shall take into account the effect of the undertaking on any historic property.” National Historic Preservation Act, 54 U.S.C. 306108 ↗
Purpose and needNot fully backedAcquiring the 120-acre parcel gives the public more benefit than keeping the 94.3-acre Federal parcel, including better protection of fish, wildlife and riparian habitat.
The agency lists the public interest factors it weighed. It notes the gain of 120 acres against 94.3 acres, the elimination of a private inholding and a reserved road right-of-way. It also cites two cultural resources and a new linear segment on the non-Federal parcel and a beneficial impact on three sensitive plants. But it quantifies wetlands, floodplain and lynx habitat leaving federal ownership without matching figures for wetlands or habitat gained, so the side-by-side weighing isn't fully shown.
The agency’s words, the record +Hide the words
The agency says
“To conclude, acquisition and management of the non-federal parcel creates a greater public benefit than would be achieved by retaining ownership of the federal parcel to be exchanged.”
PUBLIC INTEREST DETERMINATION
Elsewhere in the same document
“Additionally, suitable habitat for wildlife and Forest Service sensitive species will be transferred to private ownership.”
Degree of Effect
EffectsNot fully backedThe exchange won't cause short- or long-term impacts on wetlands and floodplains.
The agency says the exchange itself places no fill in wetlands and the easement protects them. But up to 2.5 acres of wetlands and 25 acres of regulatory floodplain go private, development is expected in the 22.19-acre Camp Facilities Zone, and the Clean Water Act section contemplates future wetland impacts there. The document never says how much wetland or floodplain lies inside that zone.
The agency’s words, the record +Hide the words
The agency says
“No short- or long-term impacts on wetlands and floodplains are anticipated due to the Proposed Action.”
Degree of Effect
Elsewhere in the same document
“The United States will dispose of up to 2.5 acres of wetlands and 25 acres of regulatory floodplain on the Federal parcel in the land exchange.”
Degree of Effect
“If impacts on wetlands were proposed in the Camp Facilities Zone in the future, a Section 404 permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers will be required.”
Clean Water Act
Show 2 more claims +Show fewer
EffectsNot fully backedPermanent loss of vegetation and wildlife habitat on the Federal parcel, including Canada lynx habitat, will be negligible in the context of the larger forest.
The agency cites U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service concurrence that the project may affect but isn't likely to adversely affect Canada lynx. Its biological evaluation found no trend toward listing for the affected sensitive species. It also says development is confined to the 22.19-acre Camp Facilities Zone and limited by the conservation easement. But it discloses a loss of approximately 13.3 acres of lynx habitat without a forest-wide habitat figure to compare against, and it doesn't say whether the non-Federal parcel adds any lynx habitat.
The agency’s words, the record and the law +Hide the words
The agency says
“Over the long term and in the context of the larger San Isabel National Forest, permanent loss of vegetation communities and wildlife habitat on the Federal parcel will be negligible (EA pages 28-34).”
Degree of Effect
Elsewhere in the same document
“The NFS will lose approximately 13.3 acres of mapped suitable Canada lynx habitat in the Federal parcel.”
Degree of Effect
“Anticipated future development within the 22.19-acre Camp Facilities Zone of the Federal parcel as a result of the Proposed Action may result in permanent loss of vegetation, including mixed conifer, ponderosa pine, and disturbed upland vegetation communities.”
Degree of Effect
The law
“An agency shall issue an environmental impact statement with respect to a proposed agency action requiring an environmental document that has a reasonably foreseeable significant effect on the quality of the human environment.” National Environmental Policy Act, 42 U.S.C. 4336(b)(1) ↗
ProcessNot fully backedThe action is consistent with all federal, state and local environmental laws.
The agency states the exchange is consistent with all laws. But its own record says the State Historic Preservation Officer found the camp eligible for the National Register and that “mitigation measures are needed to resolve adverse effects,” and the memorandum of agreement that would set those measures is still to be signed.
The agency’s words +Hide the words
The agency says
“I find that the Locke Park Land Exchange proposed action is consistent with federal, state, and local laws and requirements imposed for the protection of the environment.”
Effects that would violate Federal, State, or local law protecting the environment
Where its own record backs the agency
Purpose and needThe exchange frees the Forest Service from administering special use permits on both parcels, an efficiency gain.Why it holds +
The exchange conditions require ending both the 30-year camp permit and the road snow removal permit, which directly removes those administrative duties. The record backs the claim.
The agency says
“Relief from administration of special use permits on both parcels provides an efficiency benefit.”
Beneficial and adverse effects
Its own record backs it
“The PSICC Forest Supervisor shall secure termination of the 30-year SUP for camp operations issued to RTLC on July 25, 1997 (SAN302001, as amended).”
Forest Service Conditions of the Land Exchange
“The PSICC Forest Supervisor shall secure termination of the SUP for snow removal and maintenance of NFS Road 274 and NFS Road 343 issued to RTLC on September 4, 2015 (SAN316).”
Forest Service Conditions of the Land Exchange
How this was read
Read from the agency’s own decision document ↗, all 12 pages. Every quote is checked word for word against it, a claim marked contradicted stands on a quote from the same document, and a second reading argued the agency’s side of every verdict before it was published. The verdicts are our reading; the quotes are the agency’s. A court can set aside agency action it finds “arbitrary, capricious, an abuse of discretion, or otherwise not in accordance with law” (5 U.S.C. 706(2)(A) ↗), which is why these gaps are worth putting in the record.
In the agency’s own words
Equal value land exchange of 94 acres of federal land for 120 acres of private land between the US Forest Service and Rainbow Trail Lutheran Camp.
The groups on this fight
4 groups predicted likely to care in Colorado
Predicted likely to care is a guess from the group's sourced work in Colorado, with no link to this decision. Give straight to them; nothing routes through us.
- Rocky Mountain Wild
Predicted likely to care · a guess
Colorado BLM Lease Sale, Colorado: Joined the formal challenge to the January 2026 replacement lease sale and previously sued BLM over the Roan Plateau leases.
- San Juan Citizens Alliance
Predicted likely to care · a guess
Canyons of the Ancients National Monument, Colorado: Shaped the 2010 management plan, has fought oil and gas leasing decisions inside the monument for two decades, mobilized against the 2017 monument review, and states it continues to defend CANM.
- Thompson Divide Coalition
Predicted likely to care · a guess
Thompson Divide, Colorado: A conservation group working on Thompson Divide.
- WildEarth Guardians
Predicted likely to care · a guess
Dinosaur National Monument, Colorado: Named petitioner against the Uinta Basin Railway over habitat destruction in the basin.
Every group above is on STAND for Public Lands, with its court record, its filings and who backs it.
Who signs it
PLAN hasn’t read a signer into its record for this fight. The decision on file carries the signature: Locke Park Final EA ↗.
The ground
The window has closed, so there’s no watch to set on it here.
The photograph on this page: Bull elk in autumn aspens. It’s the country this decision sits in, not the site itself. More Than Just Parks.
In court on this ground
No court case we track is over Pike National Forest, San Isabel National Forest and 2 more units.
Who holds the vote
PLAN’s record doesn’t tie a member of Congress to this fight yet. The scorecard grades the votes and bills that decide public lands; nothing joins a vote or a bill to this decision, so there’s no member to name here without guessing.
See how your members vote ↗Forest ServiceWe track this on the agency’s own system of record, where most on-the-ground decisions live.
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